The Basics of HIV Prevention
Image by: CDC
HIV is a virus that can be transmitted through specific activities, such as sex or injection drug use. To reduce the risk of HIV transmission, it is important to understand how it can be spread and how to protect yourself and others. Here are some key points to keep in mind:
How is HIV transmitted?
HIV can only be transmitted through certain body fluids, including blood, semen, pre-seminal fluids, rectal fluids, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. Transmission can occur when these fluids come into contact with mucous membranes or damaged tissue or are directly injected into the bloodstream. It is important to note that HIV cannot be spread through casual contact or contact with objects.
How can a person reduce the risk of getting HIV?
There are several steps individuals can take to protect themselves from HIV:
Get tested for HIV and encourage your partner to do the same before engaging in sexual activity.
Use condoms correctly every time you have sex.
Limit your number of sexual partners.
Get tested and treated for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and encourage your partners to do the same.
Consider pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) if you are at risk of getting HIV. PrEP involves taking a specific HIV medicine daily to reduce the risk of infection.
How can a person who is HIV positive prevent passing HIV to others?
People living with HIV can take steps to prevent transmitting the virus to others:
Take HIV medicines (antiretroviral therapy or ART) as prescribed by a healthcare provider. This helps reduce the amount of HIV in the body, making it less likely to be transmitted.
Use condoms correctly during sexual activity.
Encourage your partner to consider PrEP if they are at risk of getting HIV.
If injecting drugs, avoid sharing needles or drug equipment with others.
Are HIV medicines used at other times to prevent HIV transmission?
HIV medicines can be used in other situations to prevent HIV transmission:
Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) involves taking HIV medicines within 72 hours after a possible exposure to prevent infection.
Pregnant women with HIV can take HIV medicines to protect their own health and prevent transmission to their babies during childbirth.
It is important to stay informed about HIV prevention strategies and seek guidance from healthcare providers. By taking proactive measures, we can work towards reducing the spread of HIV and promoting healthier communities.
Source: CDC: HIV Basics
